state body

The Genocide Convention Enforcement Compact

A treaty among states that enforce the Genocide Convention themselves, together and without the Security Council's permission. Each state joins case by case through separate annexes: Israel; the RSF's suppliers through the UAE-linked network; Myanmar's military.

The case annexes

A state signs the annexes it will enforce. Signing one never commits it to another.

  • Israel annex

    Compact annex

    arms, military-fuel and port bans on Israel

    18 acting9 supporting4 mixed7 opposing

    States already acting: Spain, Slovenia, Türkiye, Netherlands, Iceland, Namibia, South Africa, Nicaragua, Colombia, Malaysia, Brazil, Ireland, Belgium, Canada, Libya, Bolivia, Mexico, Chile

    Every position on this case →

  • RSF suppliers annex

    Compact annex

    listing of the firms and flights arming the RSF through the UAE-linked network

    10 acting13 supporting3 mixed3 opposing

    States already acting: United States, United States, United States, Sudan, Sudan, United Kingdom, United Kingdom, European Union, European Union, Canada

    Every position on this case →

  • Myanmar military annex

    Compact annex

    a bar on arms and jet fuel to Myanmar's military

    21 acting6 supporting1 mixed7 opposing

    States already acting: The Gambia, Maldives, Canada, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Netherlands, United Kingdom, United Kingdom, Slovenia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Belgium, Ireland, United States, Australia, South Korea, Singapore, Italy, Spain, Poland

    Every position on this case →

  • Uyghur track

    Separate track

    forced-labour import bans, investor action, diaspora protection and courts

    10 acting14 supporting1 mixed11 opposing

    States already acting: United States, United States, United States, United States, United Kingdom, Canada (coordinated), European Union, European Union, Canada, Mexico, Argentina, Norway

    Every position on this case →

  • India track

    Separate track

    legal aid, courts, investor action and rehousing

    2 acting24 supporting0 mixed2 opposing

    States already acting: India, India

    Every position on this case →

Where it stands in twelve months

Exists as a signed agreement among states that enforce the Genocide Convention themselves, each joining case by case. Its members use binding national arms, military-fuel and port bans on Israel, asset freezes on the firms and flights arming the RSF (Rapid Support Forces) through the UAE-linked network, and a bar on arms and jet fuel reaching Myanmar's military, all without asking the Security Council's permission.

Not aiding aggression (ta'awun) · Fulfilment of covenants (wafa bil-ahd) · Support for the oppressed (nusrat al-mazlum)

First steps

  1. Draft the founding agreement, the case annexes and a model national law (months 1-3)
  2. Sign with Hague Group members and willing Muslim-majority states (month 5)
  3. Adopt the first listings and port closures (month 8)

The work, quarter by quarter

  • Months 1-3

    Draft the Compact's founding agreement, re-routing the Security Council embargoes the veto blocks into separate case annexes: arms, military-fuel and port bans on Israel; listing of the firms and flights arming the RSF through the UAE-linked network; a bar on arms and jet fuel to Myanmar's military. Add a model national law that removes ministers' discretion, and open the tracker's first files to the standard national courts need.

    Delivers: A draft Compact agreement with three case annexes, a model national law, and first tracker files on Israel-bound arms shipments, RSF supply flights and Myanmar jet-fuel vessels.

    PalestineSudanMyanmar

  • Months 4-6

    Bring Hague Group members to sign the Compact case by case. Recruit the states that recognised Palestine in 2025 and Israel's trading partners, not only states that sell it little, and ask each signatory to pass the model law.

    Delivers: A signed Compact founding agreement, with each state choosing its annexes.

    PalestineSudanMyanmar

  • Months 4-6

    Ask willing Muslim-majority states to join the Compact's Israel and Sudan annexes and write the six Bogotá measures into national law. They would meet the collective obligation (fard kifayah) together, share the sanctions cost and follow Türkiye's trade, airspace and port cut-off, and acting on Xinjiang or India would never be the price of joining.

    Delivers: Pledges from named willing states to sign and to table the Bogotá laws.

    PalestineSudan

  • Months 7-9

    Ask Compact states' sanctions authorities to designate the listed firms, vessels and flights, freeze their assets, and close ports and airspace to arms and military fuel bound for Israel. Each state acts only on the annexes it has joined.

    Delivers: The first national designations and port and airspace closures under the Compact.

    PalestineSudanMyanmar

  • Months 10-12

    Draft model blocking statutes and ICC-protection laws. They stop domestic banks applying foreign sanctions to the ICC and to rights groups such as Al-Haq, and set out a plan for Compact states to cover frozen ICC salaries, so that the states and bodies that act are shielded from retaliation.

    Delivers: Model blocking and ICC-protection laws ready for Compact legislatures.

    PalestineSudanMyanmar

  • Months 10-12

    Ask Spain, Ireland and Slovenia, backed by the European Citizens' Initiative with more than a million signatures, to have the Commission re-table suspension of Israel's trade concessions and to press Germany and Italy, whose votes decide the qualified majority. Meanwhile they should widen national settlement-goods bans on the Spanish and Irish model.

    Delivers: A joint request to the Commission and new national settlement-goods bills.

    Palestine

Milestones

  • Month 5The Genocide Convention Enforcement Compact's founding agreement is signed, with separate annexes for Israel, the RSF's suppliers and Myanmar's military.
  • Month 8The first Compact states pass laws writing the six Bogotá measures into national law, and designate and freeze the listed RSF supply firms, Myanmar jet-fuel vessels and Israel-bound arms carriers.

Who it brings together

  • Genocide Convention enforcing states (Hague Group and coalitions)
  • Willing Muslim-majority states (in place of OIC and Arab League consensus)
  • Governments and foreign ministries of acting states
  • Sanctions authorities and treasuries
  • Customs, port, export-control and procurement authorities
  • Legislatures
  • UN Security Council

Enforcement, and the levels it works at

The US vetoed two Gaza resolutions in 2025, Russia vetoed Sudan civilian protection in November 2024, Resolution 2830 only extended the Darfur-only arms embargo, and the ICC's warrants go unexecuted while the US sanctions its judges.

  • UN Security Council and the international courts' own reach · blocked

    The Security Council, the ICJ and the ICC. Article 94 enforcement, Chapter VII embargoes, referrals, arrest warrants

    Vetoes shield every perpetrator and the courts have no enforcement power of their own.

    The Compact's part: Used only for the record and legal standing: ICJ filings, protecting the ICC, and evidence from the Security Council's panels.

  • Regional blocs (EU, AU, ASEAN) · partial

    The European Commission and Council, the African Union Peace and Security Council, ASEAN. Trade suspension, gold and forced-labour bans, sanctions lists, membership and recognition rules

    The Commission and the African Union can move, but the EU Council is held by Germany and Italy and ASEAN by consensus.

    The Compact's part: The plan lobbies the European Commission and the African Union Peace and Security Council, and works on ASEAN only through Malaysia and Indonesia.

  • States acting alone or together · open

    Compact states, Hague Group members, willing Muslim-majority states, national courts. Arms and fuel embargoes, export licences, port and airspace closures, sanctions designations, universal-jurisdiction prosecutions

    No veto applies, and the Bogotá model shows that willing states can act, though the measures bite only when states that trade with the perpetrators join.

    The Compact's part: The plan's main weight: the Genocide Convention Enforcement Compact, protected by the Settlement and Solidarity Facility and by blocking statutes.

  • Markets · open

    Shippers, insurers, banks, investors, importers, refiners. Compliance with listings, divestment, supply-chain exclusion, refusal to carry cargo

    Firms move one at a time when listed or excluded, though the gold markets remain captured through the RSF's patron.

    The Compact's part: The Listings tracker feeds designations and exclusions, and the plan lobbies firms and pushes the EU to cover UAE-refined gold.

  • Societies · open

    Dockworkers, consumers, mosques, zakat committees, diaspora and refugee communities. Refusing to handle cargo, boycotts, sermons, zakat and waqf giving, peaceful protest

    No government's permission is needed for people to refuse complicity and fund relief.

    The Compact's part: The Scholars' Council's rulings, mosques, dockworkers' unions and the Waqf Trust carry this level.

Legislators to watch

  • ActingJim McGovern, US House of Representatives — Jim McGovern (D-MA) co-introduced the Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act with Jennifer Wexton (D-VA). It became law on 23 December 2021, banning Xinjiang imports unless shown to be free of forced labour.
  • SupportingNus Ghani, House of Commons — Conservative MP Nus Ghani tabled the all-party motion, passed by the House of Commons, declaring a genocide against Uyghurs. It calls on the government to meet its obligations under the Genocide Convention.
  • SupportingSjoerd Sjoerdsma, House of Representatives (Tweede Kamer) — D66 MP Sjoerd Sjoerdsma authored the motion, adopted by a majority, recognising China's treatment of Uyghurs as genocide.
  • SupportingErin O'Toole, House of Commons (Conservative leader) — As Conservative leader, Erin O'Toole's party sponsored the motion that passed 266-0 calling China's treatment of Uyghurs a genocide. He said: 'there's a genocide happening and Canadians... our values are not for sale.'
  • SupportingIlhan Omar, US House of Representatives — Introduced H.Res. 542 condemning human rights and religious freedom violations in India targeting Muslims and other minorities. It urges the State Department to designate India a Country of Particular Concern under the International Religious Freedom Act. She also boycotted Modi's joint address to Congress on 22 June 2023. She had earlier introduced H.Res. 1196 on 22 June 2022.
  • SupportingRashida Tlaib, US House of Representatives — Original co-sponsor of H.Res. 542 (2023) and H.Res. 1196 (2022). Both resolutions condemn violations targeting Muslims in India and urge that India be designated a Country of Particular Concern.
  • SupportingJim McGovern, US House of Representatives — Original co-sponsor of H.Res. 1196, which condemns human rights violations in India targeting Muslims and other minorities and calls for India to be designated a Country of Particular Concern.
  • SupportingTammy Baldwin, US Senate — Introduced S.Res. 424. It urges India to amend the CAA, end the National Register for Citizens process and restore citizenship to about 1.9 million people, release detainees, stop demolishing Muslim homes and places of worship, and lift Karnataka's hijab restriction.
  • SupportingPramila Jayapal, US House of Representatives — With Senator Van Hollen, led a letter from 75 Democratic lawmakers urging President Biden to raise "the rise of religious intolerance" and other rights concerns with Modi during his state visit. She had earlier (6 December 2019) introduced H.Res. 745 on detentions in Kashmir, which urges India to condemn "all religiously motivated violence".
  • SupportingChris Van Hollen, US Senate — Co-led the letter from 75 Democratic lawmakers (18 senators, 57 House members) urging President Biden to raise religious intolerance and other rights concerns with Modi.
  • SupportingBernie Sanders, US Senate — Posted: "Over 200 million Muslims call India home. Widespread anti-Muslim mob violence has killed at least 27... Trump responds by saying 'That's up to India'. This is a failure of leadership on human rights."
  • SupportingElizabeth Warren, US Senate — Publicly condemned the Delhi violence against peaceful protesters as unacceptable, stressing religious freedom and freedom of expression.

The legislator tracker →